Volume 17 Issue 1

S.No.	Article Title & Authors (Volume 17, Issue 1, February - 2024)	Page Nos.	Status
1.	Drilling Riser Integrity Inspection: An Approach Using Advanced Ultrasound Techniques BELTRAO, Bruno D'Almeida, FERREIRA, Carlos Alberto Martins, MUSCI, Marcelo International Journal of Advances in Engineering & Technology (IJAET), Volume 17 Issue 1, pp. 1-12, February 2024. ABSTRACT Integrity inspection is essential for ensuring drilling risers' safe operation in the offshore industry. The present article explores the application of cutting-edge ultrasound technologies for drilling riser inspection. Conventional inspection techniques like visual, magnetic particle testing and ultrasound are limited in accurately identifying and describing defects. In contrast, Phased Array, Time-of-Flight Diffraction, and conventional ultrasound associated with Phased Array equipment provide enhanced sensitivity, accuracy, and coverage capabilities. This article explores the principles and mechanisms of Phased Array and Time-of-Flight Diffraction techniques, shedding light on their superior attributes when combined with traditional ultrasound methods to overcome the challenges of inspecting fully assembled risers onboard by checking through the inner diameter. In addition, the article showcases examples where Phased Array and Time-of-Flight Diffraction, in tandem with traditional ultrasound, have proven to be effective in detecting critical flaws such as wall thinning and fatigue cracks. The article underlines the significance of a thorough inspection approach that integrates various methods to evaluate the overall integrity of drilling risers. The results demonstrate the efficacy of the innovative inspection arrangement, emphasizing substantial strides in ensuring the integrity of drilling risers using cutting-edge ultrasound technologies. This underscores the potential for reduced inspection time, improved safety and logistics, and upgraded operational effectiveness in offshore drilling.	1-12	Online
2.	Deep Learning for Oil Spill Detection and Classification in Ocean Surface Tayna Cristina Sousa Silva, Monik Silva Sousa and Joao Viana da Fonseca Neto International Journal of Advances in Engineering & Technology (IJAET), Volume 17 Issue 1, pp. 13-24, February 2024. ABSTRACT Maritime transport is of great economic importance due to the increasing global industrialization. The importance of environmental issues, such as oil spills on the ocean surface, has been widely studied, leading to the need for methods to solve this problem. With the availability of satellites equipped with Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), it is possible to work on the monitoring for detection and classification oil spills and its derivatives at ocean surface. In this work, based on deep learning approach, the detection and classification is performed via YOLOv8 family algorithms. According to the tests carried out for YOLOv8 nano, small and medium, the best performance was obtained for medium algorithm, with accuracy and mAP-50 and mAP50-90 in the validation phase equivalent to 0.891%, 0.85% and 0.716%, respectively. In the test phase, it achieved a confidence level of over 70% of the objects detected.	13-24	Online
3.	Smart WSN Based on Machine Learning for Monitoring Work Environments Yan Ferreira da Silva, Victor Guimaraes Furtado and Joao Viana da Fonseca Neto International Journal of Advances in Engineering & Technology (IJAET), Volume 17 Issue 1, pp. 25-37, February 2024. ABSTRACT Maritime transport is of great economic importance due to the increasing global industrialization. The importance of environmental issues, such as oil spills on the ocean surface, has been widely studied, leading to the need for methods to solve this problem. With the availability of satellites equipped with Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), it is possible to work on the monitoring for detection and classification oil spills and its derivatives at ocean surface. In this work, based on deep learning approach, the detection and classification is performed via YOLOv8 family algorithms. According to the tests carried out for YOLOv8 nano, small and medium, the best performance was obtained for medium algorithm, with accuracy and mAP-50 and mAP50-90 in the validation phase equivalent to 0.891%, 0.85% and 0.716%, respectively. In the test phase, it achieved a confidence level of over 70% of the objects detected.	25-37	Online
4.	Preparation of Polymer Particles with Cottonseed Oil and Hercynite by Precipitation using an Atomization Apparatus Andre Anderson Costa Pereira, Vanessa Hafemann Fragal, Anderson Alles de Jesus, Carlos Eduardo de Araujo Padilha, Domingos Fabiano de Santana Souza, Thelma Sley Pacheco Cellet, Elisa Maria Bittencourt Dutra de Sousa and Jackson Araujo de Oliveira International Journal of Advances in Engineering & Technology (IJAET), Volume 17 Issue 1, pp. 38-50, February 2024. ABSTRACT Atomization is a multifaceted technology that has yet to be consistently used to prepare polymeric particles. The present study evaluated the preparation of polymer carriers by precipitation using an atomization system. Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and poly(caprolactone) (PCL) were selected as preformed polymers, while cottonseed oil and nanometric hercynite were used as fillers. Regardless of the polymer type and fillers, the atomization products generally showed a bimodal distribution with nanometric (300-400 nm) and micrometric (4,000-6,000 nm) particles. It was observed that PCL/cottonseed oil particles had an irregular surface due to oil adhesion to the walls, which did not occur for PMMA particles. The formation of polymer/cottonseed oil/hercynite particles was proven via infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses, representing an advance for preparing bioactive carriers with potential therapeutic applications.	38-50	Online
5.	Prediction of Water Quality Index (WQI) Values by Machine Learning Algorithms Mario Elias Carvalho do Nascimento, Ralpho Rinaldo dos Reis International Journal of Advances in Engineering & Technology (IJAET), Volume 17 Issue 1, pp. 51-62, February 2024. ABSTRACT This study aimed to explore the use of machine learning algorithms for predicting the Water Quality Index (WQI) values. To achieve this, 11 machine learning algorithms were employed: k nearest neighbors, elastinetCV, linear support vector machine, support vector machine, multilayer perceptron, decision tree, adaboost, bagging, extra trees, gradient boosting, and random forest. The models were statistically evaluated: mean squared error, root mean squared error, and mean absolute error, balanced accuracy, precision, recall, f1, and confusion matrix. A reduction in the number of independent variables from 9 to 4 was also performed. For this reduction, the Spearman correlation technique was used, demonstrating that the most significant variables for predicting WQI were: thermotolerant coliforms, biochemical oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, and total phosphorus. Thus, this study showed that WQI can be predicted using machine learning techniques trained with only 4 independent variables, without significant differences from traditionally determined index values.	51-62	Online
6.	The Trend of Migration from Topside to Subsea Equipment in Marine Oil & Gas Exploration Units Alexandre Menezes da Conceicao and Paulo Roberto Duailibe Monteiro International Journal of Advances in Engineering & Technology (IJAET), Volume 17 Issue 1, pp. 63-71, February 2024. ABSTRACT This work is research that analyse the current trend of migration of the installation of offshore production equipment from the TOPSIDE installation to SUBSEA. Equipment whose technology was traditionally designed to be installed in TOPSIDE, on the surface of oil platforms. The research initially discusses the causes that motivated such technological migration, pointing to the global movement to promote the Green Economy. This movement pushed the offshore oil and gas industry to adapt to sustainability and decarbonization requirements. The impact of the decommissioning law is presented below. Through the creation of government regulatory bodies in countries, stricter regulatory standards were implemented, resulting in increased financial expenses to keep companies running and increased costs to make adaptations and approve new projects, since operating licenses depend on compliance Cool. The study continues by presenting an introductory view of typical SUBSEA and TOPSIDE equipment in offshore production units, which serves as a basis for a better contextual understanding of what the work is about. Next, the challenges and opportunities of migrating from TOPSIDE to SUBSEA are discussed and demonstrated that this is already a reality through the presentation of two real cases of successful migration published in academic literature. Two important conclusions of this study are: the first, to point out the main cause that motivated spending in the search for innovations and development of disruptive technological solutions that present themselves in the current scenario of the offshore industry, which would not be promoted without the revolution caused by the global movement in pursuit of the Green Economy. Due to the comfortable financial situation that the offshore oil exploration and production industry has always had, achieving satisfactory profitability, why spend on innovation? Because she was forced to do it. The second conclusion is that investing in the TOPSIDE-SUBSEA migration is a pressing reality for the offshore industry and is no longer an option to be considered, as it brings a great bonus opportunity for reducing capital (CAPEX) and operational costs (OPEX), both necessary to financially support compliance with new regulatory decommissioning laws. On the other hand, it is important to weigh the challenges to be overcome in the transition.	63-71	Online
7.	Study of Thermal Conductivity in Cellular Concretes K. A. N. Silva, K. K. B. Pinheiro, R. H. P. Lima, V. L. G. Teles, P. C. C. Gomes International Journal of Advances in Engineering & Technology (IJAET), Volume 17 Issue 1, pp. 72-82, February 2024. ABSTRACT The thermal performance of buildings has been crucial for reducing energy consumption. Concrete, with its good thermal conductivity, is the most widely used material in construction, contributing to increased energy consumption. Lowering concrete density, however, hampers thermal conductivity. The use of lightweight concrete has been recommended for this purpose. Foamed cellular concrete (FCC) is an alternative to achieve lightweight concrete. There is a research gap regarding the thermal conductivity of FCE. In this study, a normal density concrete (NDC) and two FCC’s, one with 10% foam (FCC10) and another with 20% foam (FCC20), were analyzed. Specific mass, compressive strength, and thermal conductivity were determined for the concretes. A transient heat conduction method was applied. The results showed that FCC exhibited inferior properties compared to NDC, particularly in thermal conductivity. NDC had a thermal conductivity of 1,75 W/mK, FCC 10 had 1,12 W/mK, and FCC 20 had 0,73 W/mK. When comparing FCC’s conductivity to other lightweight concretes, no significant differences were found, highlighting FCC’s potential for reduced energy consumption.	72-82	Online
8.	The Vacuum Electronic Devices: From the Origin of Electronics to Current Applications in the High Frequency Field Roberto Marani and Anna Gina Perri International Journal of Advances in Engineering & Technology (IJAET), Volume 17 Issue 1, pp. 83-89, February 2024. ABSTRACT Vacuum electronic devices were the basis of the first physical discoveries of the 19th century, starting from the low-pressure gas-filled tubes of H. Geissler in 1857 to the first vacuum tubes of W. Crookes in 1870. The Electronics started from the invention of vacuum diodes by J. A. Fleming in 1904 leading to the invention of pentodes by B. D. H. Tellegen in 1926. At the same time, gas filled tubes have founded the Power Electronics with the invention of ignitrons and thyratrons, while the classic vacuum tubes reached their latest evolution with the nuvistor series, which covered just over the Sixties of the last century. The klystrons and gyrotrons, the heirs of the microwave power vacuum tubes, are still today at the cutting edge of technology, and with these devices it is possible to reach in continuous operation powers of 1 MW at frequencies greater than 100 GHz. The article concludes with a brief overview of the state of research for new on-chip vacuum devices, which currently promise interesting applications in the high-frequency field.	83-89	Online